Match the following : (1)Exonuclease (i)add or remove phosphate (2)Endonuclease (ii)binding the DNA fragments (3)Alkaline Phosphatase (iii)cut the DNA at terminus (4)Ligase (iv)cut the DNA at middle
Exonuclease removes nucleotides from the ends (termini) of DNA molecules. Endonuclease cuts DNA at specific internal sites (middle). Alkaline Phosphatase removes phosphate groups (or adds them in some biochemical contexts, usually associated with removing 5' phosphates to prevent self-ligation). Ligase joins DNA fragments together. Thus, (1)-(iii), (2)-(iv), (3)-(i), (4)-(ii) matches correctly.
Q2mcq
The phenotypic ratio of complementary genes :
a.
9 : 7
Correct Answer
b.
9 : 3 : 3 : 1
c.
9 : 3 : 4
d.
9 : 6 : 1
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Complementary genes involve the interaction of two non-allelic genes where one dominant gene is necessary to express the other, resulting in a phenotypic ratio of 9:7 in the F2 generation. 9:3:3:1 is Mendelian dihybrid, 9:3:4 is recessive epistasis, and 9:6:1 is duplicate gene action.
Q3mcq
‘‘ The Father of Indian Green Revolution’’ is :
a.
Dr. M.O. Parthasarathy
b.
Dr. Verghese Kurien
c.
Dr. M.S. Swaminathan
Correct Answer
d.
Dr. M.S. Sabarinathan
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Dr. M.S. Swaminathan is widely recognized as the 'Father of the Green Revolution in India' for his role in introducing and developing high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice.
Q4mcq
Which one of the following is the first cell of female gametophyte ?
a.
Microspore
b.
Primary endosperm Nucleus
c.
Nucleus
d.
Functional megaspore
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
The functional megaspore is the first cell of the female gametophyte (embryo sac) in angiosperms, as it undergoes mitosis to form the mature gametophyte.
Q5mcq
Depletion of __________ gas in the atmosphere can lead to an increased incidence of skin cancer.
a.
Nitrous oxide
b.
Ammonia
c.
Ozone
Correct Answer
d.
Methane
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Ozone ($O_3$) in the stratosphere acts as a shield against harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Its depletion leads to increased UV penetration, which is linked to an increased risk of skin cancer in humans.
Q6mcq
In soil, water available for plants is :
a.
Capillary water
Correct Answer
b.
Gravitational water
c.
Hygroscopic water
d.
Chemically bound water
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Capillary water is held in the soil pores by capillary forces and is the primary form of water that can be absorbed by plant roots. Gravitational water drains away, and hygroscopic water is bound too tightly to soil particles to be available to plants.
Q7mcq
Groundnut is native of __________.
a.
North America
b.
Philippines
c.
Brazil
Correct Answer
d.
India
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is native to South America, specifically the region of Brazil and surrounding countries.
Q8mcq
Tamarindus indica is indigenous to :
a.
South America, Greece
b.
Tropical African region
Correct Answer
c.
India alone
d.
South India, Sri Lanka
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Tamarindus indica (Tamarind) is believed to be indigenous to the tropical African region, from where it was introduced to other parts of the world, including India.
Q9mcq
Solidifying agent used in plant tissue culture is :
a.
EDTA
b.
Nicotinic acid
c.
Agar
Correct Answer
d.
Cobaltous chloride
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Agar is the most commonly used solidifying agent in plant tissue culture media because it is transparent, stable at high temperatures, and does not react with the nutrients. EDTA is a chelating agent, Nicotinic acid is a vitamin, and Cobaltous chloride is a micronutrient, none of which act as solidifying agents.
Q11mcq
Which one of the following represents the flow of genetic information ?
a.
RNA → Protein → DNA
b.
DNA → RNA → Protein
Correct Answer
c.
Protein → RNA → DNA
d.
RNA → DNA → Protein
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
The central dogma of molecular biology states that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then to protein (translation). The other options represent incorrect or reverse flow pathways not characteristic of the standard genetic information flow in living organisms.
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