The similarity of bone structure in the forelimbs of many vertebrates is an example of
a.
Adaptive radiation
b.
Convergent evolution
c.
Analogy
d.
Homology
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Homologous structures are those that have the same basic structural plan and origin (same ancestral lineage) but may differ in function. The forelimbs of vertebrates (e.g., human arm, bat wing, whale flipper) share the same bone arrangement (humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, etc.), making them homologous structures — evidence of divergent evolution from a common ancestor.
Q47mcq
In which disease does mosquito-transmitted pathogen cause chronic inflammation of lymphatic vessels?
a.
Amoebiasis
b.
Ringworm disease
c.
Ascariasis
d.
Elephantiasis
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Elephantiasis (filariasis) is caused by the filarial worm Wuchereria bancrofti, transmitted by the mosquito Culex. It causes chronic inflammation and blockage of lymphatic vessels, leading to massive swelling of limbs and genitals.
Q48mcq
Conversion of milk to curd improves its nutritional value by increasing the amount of
a.
Vitamin E
b.
Vitamin B₁₂
Correct Answer
c.
Vitamin A
d.
Vitamin D
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), such as Lactobacillus, convert milk to curd. During this fermentation process, LAB synthesize Vitamin B₁₂, thereby increasing its concentration in curd compared to raw milk and improving its nutritional value.
Q49mcq
Which of the following characteristics represent 'Inheritance of blood groups' in humans?
a. Dominance
b. Co-dominance
c. Multiple allele
d. Incomplete dominance
e. Polygenic inheritance
a.
a, c and e
b.
b, d and e
c.
a, b and c
Correct Answer
d.
b, c and e
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
ABO blood group inheritance involves: (a) Dominance — Iᴬ and Iᴮ are both dominant over i; (b) Co-dominance — Iᴬ and Iᴮ are co-dominant when both are present (giving blood group AB); (c) Multiple alleles — there are three alleles (Iᴬ, Iᴮ, i) for a single gene. Incomplete dominance (d) and polygenic inheritance (e) are not features of ABO blood group inheritance.
Q50mcq
Among the following sets of examples for divergent evolution, select the incorrect option:
a.
Eye of octopus, bat and man
Correct Answer
b.
Brain of bat, man and cheetah
c.
Heart of bat, man and cheetah
d.
Forelimbs of man, bat and cheetah
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Divergent evolution produces homologous structures from a common ancestor. The eyes of octopus and vertebrates (bat, man) are analogous structures — they look similar but evolved independently (convergent evolution), NOT from a common ancestor. Hence they are an example of convergent evolution, not divergent evolution, making option (1) the incorrect example for divergent evolution.
Q51mcq
Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?
a.
Vitiligo
b.
Alzheimer's disease
Correct Answer
c.
Rheumatoid arthritis
d.
Psoriasis
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain — it is not an autoimmune disease. Vitiligo, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis are all autoimmune diseases where the immune system attacks the body's own cells/tissues.
Q52mcq
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
Column I — Column II
a. Glycosuria — i. Accumulation of uric acid in joints
b. Gout — ii. Mass of crystallised salts within the kidney
c. Renal calculi — iii. Inflammation in glomeruli
d. Glomerular nephritis — iv. Presence of glucose in urine
a.
a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii
Correct Answer
b.
a-ii, b-iii, c-i, d-iv
c.
a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv
d.
a-iii, b-ii, c-iv, d-i
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Correct matches: Glycosuria (a) = presence of glucose in urine (iv); Gout (b) = accumulation of uric acid in joints (i); Renal calculi (c) = mass of crystallised salts within the kidney (ii); Glomerular nephritis (d) = inflammation in glomeruli (iii). So a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii.
Q53mcq
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
Column I (Function) — Column II (Part of Excretory System)
a. Ultrafiltration — i. Henle's loop
b. Concentration of urine — ii. Ureter
c. Transport of urine — iii. Urinary bladder
d. Storage of urine — iv. Malpighian corpuscle
v. Proximal convoluted tubule
a.
a-v, b-iv, c-i, d-iii
b.
a-v, b-iv, c-i, d-ii
c.
a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii
Correct Answer
d.
a-iv, b-v, c-ii, d-iii
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
Correct matches: Ultrafiltration (a) occurs in the Malpighian corpuscle (iv) — specifically the glomerulus; Concentration of urine (b) occurs in Henle's loop (i); Transport of urine (c) is via the Ureter (ii); Storage of urine (d) occurs in the Urinary bladder (iii). So a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii.
Q54mcq
The contraceptive 'SAHELI'
a.
is a post-coital contraceptive.
b.
is an IUD.
c.
increases the concentration of estrogen and prevents ovulation in females.
d.
blocks estrogen receptors in the uterus, preventing eggs from getting implanted.
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
SAHELI (Centchroman) is a non-steroidal oral contraceptive pill developed by CDRI, Lucknow. It is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) — it blocks estrogen receptors in the uterus, thereby preventing implantation of the fertilized egg. It is taken once a week and does not increase estrogen levels.
Q54mcq
The contraceptive 'SAHELI'
a.
is a post-coital contraceptive.
b.
is an IUD.
c.
increases the concentration of estrogen and prevents ovulation in females.
d.
blocks estrogen receptors in the uterus, preventing eggs from getting implanted.
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step AI Explanation
Verified Method
SAHELI (centchroman/ormeloxifene) is a non-steroidal oral contraceptive. It acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator — it blocks estrogen receptors in the uterus, thereby preventing implantation of the fertilized egg. It does not increase estrogen concentration nor is it an IUD.
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Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
Column I: a. Fibrinogen, b. Globulin, c. Albumin
Column II: i. Osmotic balance, ii. Blood clotting, iii. Defence mechanism
a.
a-ii, b-iii, c-i
b.
a-i, b-iii, c-ii
c.
a-i, b-ii, c-iii
d.
a-iii, b-ii, c-i
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Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
Column I: a. Eutrophication, b. Sanitary landfill, c. Snow blindness, d. Jhum cultivation
Column II: i. UV-B radiation, ii. Deforestation, iii. Nutrient enrichment, iv. Waste disposal
a.
a-i, b-ii, c-iv, d-iii
b.
a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii
c.
a-i, b-iii, c-iv, d-ii
d.
a-ii, b-i, c-iii, d-iv
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Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
Column I: a. Proliferative Phase, b. Secretory Phase, c. Menstruation
Column II: i. Breakdown of endometrial lining, ii. Follicular Phase, iii. Luteal Phase
a.
a-iii, b-i, c-ii
b.
a-ii, b-iii, c-i
c.
a-i, b-iii, c-ii
d.
a-iii, b-ii, c-i
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Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
Column I — Column II
a. Proliferative Phase — i. Breakdown of endometrial lining
b. Secretory Phase — ii. Follicular Phase
c. Menstruation — iii. Luteal Phase
a b c
(1) iii i ii
(2) ii iii i
(3) i iii ii
(4) iii ii i
a.
a-iii, b-i, c-ii
b.
a-ii, b-iii, c-i
c.
a-i, b-iii, c-ii
d.
a-iii, b-ii, c-i
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Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
Column I — Column II
a. Tricuspid valve — i. Between left atrium and left ventricle
b. Bicuspid valve — ii. Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
c. Semilunar valve — iii. Between right atrium and right ventricle
a b c
(1) ii i iii
(2) i ii iii
(3) i iii ii
(4) iii i ii
a.
a-ii, b-i, c-iii
b.
a-i, b-ii, c-iii
c.
a-i, b-iii, c-ii
d.
a-iii, b-i, c-ii
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Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
Column I — Column II
a. Tidal volume — i. 2500–3000 mL
b. Inspiratory Reserve volume — ii. 1100–1200 mL
c. Expiratory Reserve volume — iii. 500–550 mL
d. Residual volume — iv. 1000–1100 mL
a b c d
(1) iv iii ii i
(2) i iv ii iii
(3) iii i iv ii
(4) iii ii i iv
a.
a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i
b.
a-i, b-iv, c-ii, d-iii
c.
a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii
d.
a-iii, b-ii, c-i, d-iv
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Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
Column I Column II
a. Herbarium i. It is a place having a collection of preserved plants and animals.
b. Key ii. A list that enumerates methodically all the species found in an area with brief description aiding identification.
c. Museum iii. Is a place where dried and pressed plant specimens mounted on sheets are kept.
d. Catalogue iv. A booklet containing a list of characters and their alternates which are helpful in identification of various taxa.
a.
a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii
b.
a-ii, b-iv, c-iii, d-i
c.
a-iii, b-ii, c-i, d-iv
d.
a-i, b-iv, c-iii, d-ii
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Which one of the following plants shows a very close relationship with a species of moth, where none of the two can complete its life cycle without the other?
a.
Viola
b.
Banana
c.
Yucca
d.
Hydrilla
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Which one of the following plants shows a very close relationship with a species of moth, where none of the two can complete its life cycle without the other?
a.
Viola
b.
Banana
c.
Yucca
d.
Hydrilla
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